Navy Medicine Fast Facts – Marine Raider Corpsmen of World War II
When we picture elite World War II military units, names like the Flying Tigers, the Big Red One, or Merrill’s Marauders may come to mind along with a recollection of a film very loosely inspired by their actions. Yet no list of elite fighting forces is complete without the legendary U.S. Marine Raiders. Formed in early 1942 under legendary leaders like Col. Merritt “Red” Edson and Col. Evans Carlson, the Raiders became the U.S. military’s first special operations force. Handpicked from volunteers, these individuals were trained in amphibious warfare, guerrilla tactics, and survival, carving out their place in history across the Solomons and Gilbert Islands campaigns. Their exploits even inspired two notable wartime films—Gung Ho! (1943) and Marine Raiders (1944).
Embedded in these WWII Raider units were true unsung heroes of the war: hospital corpsmen. Between 1942 and 1944, over 300 Navy hospital corpsmen volunteered to serve in the four Raider Battalions. The bar for these frontline field medics was high, and these corpsmen were held to the exact same rigorous standards as the Raiders they served with. As one naval medical officer assigned to the 1st Raider Battalion observed:
“[The] hospital corpsman has to be tougher than the toughest Marine. On patrols he moves up and down the line of movement to determine who is weakening, who needs salt tablets, whether anyone has any injuries, or needs treatment of any sort. As a result, he usually travels about twice as far as the Marines.”